Elephant

Precision fatigue: Why better models don't make better decisions

Written by Admin | Nov 4, 2025 4:22:40 PM

Fraud models are getting smarter, but some are quietly making things worse. Precision up. False positives down. AUC finely tuned. These are the signals that tell the world our machine learning systems are doing their job.

But what if those very improvements are also signs that we’ve hit a wall? Welcome to the era of precision fatigue, the point when fraud model optimization yields diminishing returns, hides strategic blind spots, and quietly erodes trust and growth.

The optimization trap

In fast-scaling digital ecosystems like ecommerce, fintech, and marketplaces, fraud modeling often becomes a game of diminishing returns. Teams fight for marginal gains in precision. But at some point, those improvements stop translating into business value.

This happens because what your model optimizes for isn’t always what your business needs. Your fraud model might:

  • Score higher on every ML benchmark
  • Reduce false positives on paper
  • Lower chargeback rates

But this still creates more friction for legitimate users, overwhelms your review team, and blocks growth in new markets. That is precision fatigue: when a system looks better in metrics but performs worse in the real world.

These misalignments don’t just stall user growth; they weaken trust in the fraud function itself. When internal teams see fraud KPIs improve but business metrics stagnate, confidence erodes. You’re not just losing customers, you’re losing influence.

Why precision fatigue happens

Precision fatigue isn’t a local failure; it’s an industry pattern. Teams everywhere are incentivized to optimize known metrics, even when those metrics stop reflecting real-world performance. And the users most often misclassified by these systems are the ones with the most to gain: first-time customers, emerging market users, and people whose digital patterns fall just outside your norm.

  1. Overfitting to the Past

Most models are trained on labeled fraud, like chargebacks, disputes, and known bad actors. Over time, they become great at spotting yesterday’s threats but are blind to tomorrow’s trust patterns. Edge-case users get caught in the middle.

  1. A System Without a Whitelist

Think of your fraud model like a firewall. If it has no logic for what a trusted user looks like, everything eventually starts to look suspicious. You need signals that actively say “yes,” not just avoid saying “no.”

  1. No Definition of Trustworthy Behavior

Anomaly detection is not the same as trust recognition. Without modeling for continuity, behavioral consistency, and positive intent, your model cannot distinguish a safe user from a suspicious one. It just says “not risky yet.”

  1. Misaligned Incentives

Fraud teams are often rewarded for what they block, not what they enable. Incentives shape behavior, and unless your KPIs include enablement, your system will default to restriction. Metrics like “fraud caught” and “review volume processed” sound productive, but they reward caution even when that caution creates friction, drives away customers, or slows expansion.

Fraud loss is easy to measure. Trust loss is not. That's why most teams over-invest in prevention and underinvest in enablement. And the longer it goes unseen, the harder it is to fix. 

Signs your team has hit precision fatigue

Here are the most obvious signs you should be looking for to identify if precision fatigue is impacting your team. 

  • Your fraud model’s precision improves, but approval or conversion rates do not
  • Manual reviews increase even with better automation
  • You reduce fraud, but cannot effectively reduce false declines
  • Global markets underperform despite similar risk profiles
  • Escalations and reviewer fatigue increase across the team
  • Your ops team spends more time triaging than resolving

If your outcomes are not improving even as your metrics get better, your system may be solving the wrong problem.

Shift from precision to outcomes

  1. Model for Trust, Not Just Risk

Trust is measurable. Build your model to:

  • Recognize behavioral continuity: users who repeat familiar actions across sessions and channels
  • Calibrate to intent, not just anomaly: learn the difference between deviation and deception
  • Promote positive signals upstream: give users a way to demonstrate trustworthiness before they’re escalated

Users should not just avoid suspicion; they should have a path to prove they belong.

  1. Expand Your KPIs

Move beyond precision and recall. Add:

  • First-touch approval rate
  • Escalation-to-approval ratio
  • Trusted user growth
  • Approval velocity by region

These metrics connect your fraud strategy to your company’s growth strategy.

  1. Tighten the Feedback Loops

Create active collaboration between data science, fraud ops, and product. Escalation trends, approval outcomes, and customer churn patterns contain the training data your model cannot see.

Here’s a real-world scenario: a global marketplace tied churn spikes to repeated false declines in LATAM. By analyzing escalation logs and pairing them with outcome data, they retrained their model using behavioral trust signals, cutting false declines by 17%.

Final thought 

Precision fatigue happens when your system gets better at solving the wrong problem. It’s not easy to question a model your team worked hard to improve. But if the outcomes aren’t changing, the system needs rethinking, not just retuning. You don’t need a new model. You need a new goal. 

Is your model optimizing for what the business measures, or what the business needs to grow? If it is the latter, precision is only half the equation. The future of fraud is not just about stopping bad actors. It is about accelerating the right ones.